intelligence community’s assessment of the Asad regime’s limited chemical weapons usesignals that the “red line” established by the Administration in 2012 and 2013 has been crossed. 29The Nusra Front has claimed responsibility for several high profile attacks, including attacks using suicide bombersand car bombs. The Syrian-Golan border has recently witnessed increased regime-rebelconfrontations, and Israeli forces have been targeted by congressional research service syria mortar shells and machine-gun fire. While sectarian considerations cannot fullyexplain power relationships in Syria or predict the future dynamics of the uprising, there are indications that as thefighting continues sectarian and ethnic divisions are growing among Syrians. and the congressional research service syria Syrian opposition’s continued divisions over the issue. 33OSC Report GMP20120719125001, “Liwa al-Islam Brigades Claims Responsibility for Damascus Bombings,” July19, 2012. Instead, the Asadregime continues to paint the war as an existential conflict in which the government, as aprotector of a secular, diverse state, is confronting extremists and foreign fighters bent on turningSyria into an Al Qaeda-controlled theocracy. For more on this topic, see Aron Lund,“Holier Than Thou: Rival Clerics in the Syrian Jihad,” Jamestown Foundation Terrorism Monitor, Volume: 10, Issue:14, July 16, 2012. Syrian Opposition Groups: Relationships and congressional research service syria Factions. ”18In recent months, General Idriss has attempted to align his views with what he perceives to beU. source, “Idriss says and does the right things. 27“Syrian Lawmaker Rejects Conditions for congressional research service syria Peace Talks,” Associated Press, February 6, 2013. and International ResponseCongressional Research Service 11International Conference on Syrian Political SettlementIn parallel with reports of a pending expansion of assistance to the opposition, President Obamaand his Administration have reiterated that U. Iraq’sgovernment aims to avoid a return to sectarian warfare and avoid ethnic conflict with the Kurdistan RegionalGovernment, but leaders in Baghdad have refused to call for Asad’s ouster and have been accused by U. 2Possible Questions for Congressional Oversight on Recent Events. In other words, the congressional research service syria coalition has failed and it has no real impact on the ground. -Russian efforts to broker a political settlement, returning to a Russian-backed proposalknown as the Geneva Final Communiqué, an agreement reached by the five permanent membersof the United Nations Security Council in June 2012. and volunteers fighting in brigades that are organized under the congressional research service syria banner of the FreeSyrian Army and various armed Islamist coalitions. Some of these groups include foreignfighters. Syrian officials have warnedJordan concerning support for congressional research service syria rebel fighters. Asof early June 2013, United Nations officials have cited estimates that as many as 4. cooperative threat reduction assistance is strengthening Jordanian border monitoring capabilities.
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